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Stem Cell-Related Studies and Stem Cell-Based Therapies in Liver Diseases.
Abstract Owing to the increasing worldwide burden of liver diseases, the crucial need for safe and effective interventions for treating end-stage liver failure has been a very productive line of inquiry in the discipline of hepatology for many years. Liver transplantation is recognized as the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease; however, the shortage of donor organs, high medical costs, and lifelong use of immunosuppressive agents represent major drawbacks and demand exploration for alternative treatments. Stem cell-based therapies have been widely studied in the field of liver diseases and are co...
Source: Cell Transplantation - June 25, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhou W, Nelson ED, Abu Rmilah AA, Amiot BP, Nyberg SL Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Does Use of Biosimilar G-CSF Change Plerixafor Utilization during Stem Cell Mobilization for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant?
Conclusion: There was no difference in plerixafor utilization among the two groups. Previously recognized risk factors like older age and low platelet count were identified as risk factors for not being able to undergo an AHSCT. The cost of biosimilar is about 50% less than the original G-CSF and based on our analysis of a large number of patients at a single institution, biosimilar G-CSF provides significant cost savings for stem cell mobilization.DisclosuresDeol: Kite Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Abdallah, N., Kim, S., Alavi, A., Ayash, L., Ratanatharathorn, V., Uberti, J. P., Deol, A. Tags: 711. Cell Collection and Processing: Poster III Source Type: research

Analyses of key mRNAs and lncRNAs for different osteo-differentiation potentials of periodontal ligament stem cell and gingival mesenchymal stem cell
J Cell Mol Med. 2021 May 24. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16571. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBoth human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) are candidate seed cells for bone tissue engineering, but the osteo-differentiation ability of the latter is weaker than the former, and the mechanisms are unknown. To explore the potential regulation of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), this study obtained the gene expression profiles of hPDLSCs and hGMSCs in both undifferentiated and osteo-differentiated conditions by microarray assay and then analysed the common and specific di...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - May 24, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Linglu Jia Yunpeng Zhang Dongfang Li Wenjing Zhang Dongjiao Zhang Xin Xu Source Type: research

Long Live the Stem Cell: The Use of Stem Cells Isolated from Post Mortem Tissues for Translational Strategies.
Abstract The "stem cell" has become arguably one of the most important biological tools in the arsenal of translational research directed at regeneration and repair. It remains to be seen whether every tissue has its own stem cell niche, although relatively recently a large amount of research has focused on isolating and characterizing tissue-specific stem cell populations, as well as those that are able to be directed to transdifferentiate into a variety of different lineages. Traditionally, stem cells are isolated from the viable tissue of embryonic, fetal, or adult living hosts; from "fresh" donated tissues tha...
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - October 6, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hodgetts S, Stagg K, Sturm M, Edel M, Blancafort P Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Metabolism and the Control of Cell Fate Decisions and Stem Cell Renewal.
Abstract Although the stem cells of various tissues remain in the quiescent state to maintain their undifferentiated state, they also undergo cell divisions as required, and if necessary, even a single stem cell is able to provide for lifelong tissue homeostasis. Stem cell populations are precisely controlled by the balance between their symmetric and asymmetric divisions, with their division patterns determined by whether the daughter cells involved retain their self-renewal capacities. Recent studies have reported that metabolic pathways and the distribution of mitochondria are regulators of the division balance...
Source: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology - July 31, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Ito K, Ito K Tags: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol Source Type: research

Concise Review: Markers for Assessing Human Stem Cell-Derived Implants as {beta}-Cell Replacement in Type 1 Diabetes
This study proposes the combined use of in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo markers to assess this potential in preclinical models and in clinical studies.
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - September 20, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Pipeleers, D., Robert, T., De Mesmaeker, I., Ling, Z. Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Pancreas, Enabling Technologies for Cell-Based Clinical Translation Source Type: research

The role of secreted factors in stem cells-mediated immune regulation.
Abstract Stem cells are characterized by self-renew and multipotent differentiation abilities. Besides their roles in cell compensation, stem cells are also rich sources of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, micro-RNAs and exosomes and serve as drug stores to maintain tissue homeostasis. Recent studies have revealed that the secretome of stem cells is regulated by the local inflammatory cues and highlighted the roles of these secretory factors in stem cell based therapies. Importantly, stem cell conditioned medium, in the absence of stem cell engraftment, have shown efficiency in treating diseases involves imm...
Source: Cellular Immunology - July 29, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lin L, Du L Tags: Cell Immunol Source Type: research

The THO Complex Regulates Pluripotency Gene mRNA Export and Controls Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Somatic Cell Reprogramming.
Abstract Embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and differentiation are governed by a broad-ranging regulatory network. Although the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involved have been investigated extensively, posttranscriptional regulation is still poorly understood. Here we describe a critical role of the THO complex in ESC self-renewal and differentiation. We show that THO preferentially interacts with pluripotency gene transcripts through Thoc5 and is required for self-renewal at least in part by regulating their export and expression. During differentiation, THO loses its interaction with those transcri...
Source: Cell Stem Cell - December 5, 2013 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Wang L, Miao YL, Zheng X, Lackford B, Zhou B, Han L, Yao C, Ward JM, Burkholder A, Lipchina I, Fargo DC, Hochedlinger K, Shi Y, Williams CJ, Hu G Tags: Cell Stem Cell Source Type: research

The naive state of human pluripotent stem cells: a synthesis of stem cell and preimplantation embryo transcriptome analyses.
Abstract Here we use a systems biology approach to comprehensively assess the conservation of gene networks in naive pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) with preimplantation embryos. While gene networks in murine naive and primed pluripotent states are reproducible across data sets, different sources of human stem cells display high degrees of variation, partly reflecting disparities in culture conditions. Finally, naive gene networks between human and mouse PSCs are not well conserved and better resemble their respective blastocysts. PMID: 25280217 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Stem Cell - October 2, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Huang K, Maruyama T, Fan G Tags: Cell Stem Cell Source Type: research

Mesenchymal Cell Contributions to the Stem Cell Niche.
Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous and primitive cells discovered first in the bone marrow (BM). They have putative roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and are increasingly recognized as components of stem cell niches, which are best defined in the blood. The absence of in vivo MSC markers has limited our ability to track their behavior in vivo and draw comparisons with in vitro observations. Here we review the historical background of BM-MSCs, advances made in their prospective isolation, their developmental origin and contribution to maintaining subsets of hematopoietic cells, and...
Source: Cell Stem Cell - March 5, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kfoury Y, Scadden DT Tags: Cell Stem Cell Source Type: research

Autologous, allogeneic, induced pluripotent stem cell or a combination stem cell therapy? Where are we headed in cartilage repair and why: a concise review
The evolution of articular cartilage repair procedures has resulted in a variety of cell-based therapies that use both autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). As these cells are increasingly available and show promising results both in vitro and in vivo, cell-based strategies, which aim to improve ease of use and cost-effectiveness, are progressively explored. The use of MSCs in cartilage repair makes it possible to develop single-stage cell-based therapies. However, true single-stage procedures rely on one intervention, which will limit cell sources to fraction concentrates containing autologous MSCs o...
Source: Stem Cell Research and Therapy - May 15, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Lucienne VonkTommy de WindtIneke Slaper-CortenbachDaniël Saris Source Type: research

Isolation, identification and differentiation of human embryonic cartilage stem cells.
Abstract We isolated human embryonic cartilage stem cells (hECSCs), a novel stem cell population, from the articular cartilage of eight-week-old human embryos. These stem cells demonstrated a marker expression pattern and differentiation potential intermediate to those of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human adult stem cells (hASCs). hECSCs expressed markers associated with both hESCs (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, SSEA-3 and SSEA-4) and human adult stem cells (hASCs) (CD29, CD44, CD90, CD73 and CD10). These cells also differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, neurons and islet-like cells under speci...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 20, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Fu C, Yan Z, Xu H, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Wei A, Yang X, Wang Y Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

When is an Alveolar Type 2 Cell an Alveolar Type 2 Cell? A Conundrum for Lung Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine.
Abstract Generating mature, differentiated, adult lung cells from pluripotent cells such as induced pluripotent cells (iPS) and embryonic stem cells (ES) offers the hope of both generating disease specific in vitro models and creating definitive and personalized therapies for a host of debilitating lung parenchymal and airway diseases. With the goal of advancing lung regenerative medicine, several groups have developed and reported on protocols utilizing either defined media, co-culture with mesenchymal components, or sequential treatments mimicking lung development, to obtain distal lung epithelial cells from ste...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - March 22, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Beers MF, Moodley Y, RCMB Stem Cell Working group Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Conceptualizing Paralogous Stem ‐Cell Niches and Unfolding Bone Marrow Progenitor Cell Identities
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Top panel depicts “paralogous” bone marrow stem‐cell niches (PBMNs), such as perivascular and endosteal surface (ES) niches for skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs). These PBMNs are progressively altered, parallel niches of bone marrow at different developmental stages of bone marrow. A proposed dynamic Yin‐Yang niche between the periarteriolar and perisinusoidal interface (i.e., the AS interface) might underlie the coupling and uncoupling of PBMNs with their regenerative zones. Lower panel illustrates alterations of PBMNs based ...
Source: Stem Cells - September 26, 2017 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kevin G. Chen, Kory R. Johnson, Ronald D.G. McKay, Pamela G. Robey Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research